Experiment 4: Study of Half wave and Full wave rectifier

Objective:-

1.      Design the circuit diagram

2.      Take the reading and draw the input & output  waveform

3.      Determine the output voltage with filter circuit across load (Rl).

Equipments required:- 

1.     Digital Multimeter

2.     CRO

3.    CDS with 5V A.C supply.

Components:-Diodes (Si-1N4007) - 4 no.s.

                          Resistor 1K-1 no.

                          Capacitor 100µF-1 no.

Theory:-

A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC).

In half wave rectification,  the positive  half cycle of the AC wave is passed, while the other half is blocked. A full-wave rectifier converts the whole of the input waveform to one of constant polarity (positive or negative) at its output.

             

  Both half-wave and full-wave rectifiers deliver a form of DC output. In order to produce steady DC from a rectified AC supply, a filter circuit is required. In its simplest form this is achieved by shunting the resistor with a capacitor.There will still remain an amount of AC ripple voltage where the ripple voltage is defined as the deviation of the load voltage from its average or dc value.

                          Circuit Diagram Of Half wave rectifier

Procedure:-

Half Wave Rectification:-

1.  Take the supply of 5V rms sinusoidal wave from the secondary of the transformer in the CDS with a frequency of 50Hz. Put the DSO probes at input and sketch the input waveform obtained.
2. Construct the circuit as shown.
   
3. Put the oscilloscope probes across the resistor and sketch the output waveform obtained. Measure and record the DC level of the output voltage .
4. Now connect the capacitor across the resistor and measure the filtered output voltage.
5. Also measure the Ripple Voltage
   

Full wave rectification:-
 

 Procedure  same as given above.

 

Circuit Diagram Of Full wave rectifier

The diode D2 and D3 conduct in the positive half cycle while D1 and D4 in the negative half cycle. The output is the same  as center tapped transformer based full wave rectifier. One important point about the full wave rectifier is the input and output do not share a common reference. For this reason you can not view both input and output simultaneously on an DSO.

Expected input:-

Expected Output of Half wave rectifier without filter:-

 

 

Expected Output of Full wave rectifier without filter:-

Result table:

Type of rectifier	Input AC voltage (Transformer secondary) VRMS Vpk-pk Vmax From CRO	Rectifier Output Vm Vrms Vmean  / Vdc from CRO (DC coupling mode of CRO)	Form factor Vrms/Vdc	Ripple factor √((Vrms/Vdc)2-1)		Measure Output dc voltage with filter Multimeter in dc mode	Ripple output Voltage with filter Multimeter in ac mode. Vr(rms)	Theoretically calculate the dc  value  expected. Vdc= Vm -Δ/2 Where  Δ =Vr(p-p) =2√3Vr(rms) ( Vm is rectifier output from 3rd column)
Half Wave
Full Wave